The growth and development of robotics will largely depend on related industries: the science of materials and advances in computer technology. Analysts have identified the key trends in the marketplace for the following five-years.
People usually overestimate the impact with the latest technology in the near future and underestimate its impact ultimately.
But it doesn't negate the belief that the expert community, the state and business need a roadmap for the growth and development of innovative industries later on.
The authors of the annual survey with the home and industrial robots market discussed with experts the basic trends of this type along with the report for 2021 presented 11 areas that within the next five-years can have the highest affect the development of robotics on earth.
1. New materials
Even as we take into account the simplest industrial manipulators, in 2019 roughly 3.5 thousand people per robot, this also ratio is unlikely to cultivate without radical alterations in the science of materials from which robotics is made, the authors in the review are sure. They pay special attention to two promising materials:
gallium nitride (GaN), that may successfully replace silicon for transistor manufacturing;
graphene, a super-thin and super-strong material where it's possible to produce actuators for robots, new batteries plus much more.
2. New sources of energy, technologies for its collection and storage
Considering the volume of heat generated through the combustion of gasoline and the human requirement of energy, you can actually calculate if people were eating gasoline, they'd only need 150 g of fuel daily. In turn, electric motors are even less energy efficient than an enclosed combustion engine. In order for robots as a way to take on humans of their capabilities, breakthrough technologies are expected in their energy supply.
For example, here is the improvement of current lithium batteries, the creation of new batteries determined by hydrogen, etc. Also, we must remember about alternative, renewable energy sources. Finally, a technology can be carried out to recharge the robot remotely, for instance, from powers built into the floor or walls.
3. Interaction of teams of robots and people
These are unmanned traffic management systems. To avoid accidents and accidents, transport robots should have a channel of communication both with humans and with each other.
4. Navigation in extreme conditions
Robots must understand what they may be doing and where they're moving not just under normal human conditions, but also where people just cannot get there: by way of example, in high altitude climates or around the seabed.
In addition, situations can't be excluded if the robot will remain completely without communication (for instance, underground or even in case of your satellite breakdown). In this case, you should create a fully autonomous navigation system for unmanned devices. Similar developments already exist both abroad as well as in Russia.
5. Unitree Go2 robot dog learning
The growth and development of artificial intelligence is critical to produce truly useful and "smart" robots. Over the next few years, Sberbank analysts identify four fundamental vectors of development in this field:
increasing the efficiency of utilizing neural networks by looking into making their architecture more complicated or reducing power consumption;
teaching algorithmic procedures rather than hard programming, that will simplify and, therefore, speed up the process of acquiring skills with the machine;
mass adoption of cloud services for machine learning;
improvement of motional actions of robots as a result of artificial intelligence technologies.
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6. Human-machine interaction
The robot economy, like all other innovative technologies, is all about increasing productivity. That is, automation is not a finish itself, but an instrument to improve economic efficiency. The authors in the review tend to believe the most effective result is going to be shown not by replacing people with robots, but by their cooperation. According to them, the interaction of robots and humans will establish in four main areas:
a robot as something that repeats human capabilities (for example, exoskeletons and prostheses);
robot as an instrument that expands human capabilities;
an avatar robot, which is, a product remotely controlled by way of a part of hard-to-reach places;
social interaction which has a person, including voice assistants and chat bots.
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7. Manipulation robotics
The authors of the Sberbank report feel that within the next five years were unlikely to view a breakthrough in hardware technologies for robots ("hardware"), but the growth and development of software will raise the capabilities reducing the expense of manipulation technology.
First coming from all, we have been discussing enhancing the feedback of sensors. Robot, grabbing a thing, could have to inform the operator at length about how heavy it is, dimensions, compression force, etc. Also, new computer technologies can make it possible to program more complex trajectories of motion of manipulators.
8. Sensorics
One with the definitions from the idea of "robot", that the analysts of Sberbank adhere to, says that it is a piece of equipment that is certainly able to perceive the globe around it with the help of sensors, process the signals received in this manner and react accordingly. Reducing the cost, simplifying and increasing the capabilities of sensorics is one from the key trends within the continuing development of robotics inside the future years.
9. Robosimulators
Large levels of data are expected to practice robots. To receive them, it is not necessary to construct a model of a robot - it sometimes might be economically unprofitable, sometimes even dangerous for an individual. Therefore, the degree of creation of computer simulators of the robot will simply increase while using expansion of automation.
10. New drive
Fundamentally, the principles of making drive mechanisms are unlikely to alter, but even here the authors of the review discover a field for innovation. In addition to the new super-strong materials specified within the first paragraph, these might be new motors and gearboxes.
11. Design and production
Again, this is primarily about software innovation. Libraries of electronic components, high-quality digital diaries, virtual reality tools can simplify the product or service design process.
At the production stage, the progress of robotics will probably be stimulated by the emergence of latest materials, their decrease in price, and also the continuing development of 3D printing. It also requires optimization of software, that can make it easier and faster to make new machines.
11 Robot Development Trends
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